เปรียบเทียบการใช้งาน Wireless แบบต่าง ๆ
This page covers IoT wireless technologies. The IoT wireless standards covered are wifi, Z-wave, bluetooth, zigbee, THREAD, RFID, NFC, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, LTE, ANT+, Cognitive radio, weightless N/W etc. Companies are developing products as per wireless standards outlined here. The idea is to develop IoT product which addresses following key challenges.
• Trade off between power, data rate and coverage range
• Interoperability between wireless standards
• security aspects
• Prevention of interference and failure modes
| Wireless | Standard | N/W type |
USA Frequency |
Max. range |
Max. data rate and power |
Secu- rity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WiFi | IEEE 802.11a, 11b, 11g, 11n, 11ac, 11ad |
WLAN | 2.4 , 3.6, 5, 60 GHz |
100m, | 6-780 Mbps 6.75 Gbps at 60 GHz 1 Watt |
WEP, WPA, WPA2 |
| Z-wave | Z-wave | Mesh | 908.42 MHz |
30m | 100Kbps, 1 mW | Triple DES |
| Bluetooth | Bluetooth, Formerly IEEE 802.15.1 |
WPAN | 2400 to 2483.5 MHz |
100m | 1 to 3 Mbps, 1 Watt | 56/ 128 bit |
| Bluetooth Smart(BLE) |
IoT Inter- connect |
WPAN | 2400 to 2483.5 MHz |
100m | 1Mbps, 10-500 mW | 128 bit AES |
| Zigbee | IEEE 802.15.4 | Mesh | 2400- 2483.5 MHz |
10m | 250 Kbps, 1mW | 128 bit |
| THREAD | IEEE 802.15.4, 6LoWPAN | Mesh | 2400 to 2483.5 MHz |
11m | 251 Kbps , 2 mWatt | 128 bit AES |
| RFID | Many standards | Point to Point |
13.56 MHz |
1 m | 423 Kbps, about 1mW | Possible |
| NFC | ISO/IEC 13157 | Point to Point |
13.56 MHz |
0.1m | 424 Kbps,1 to 2 mW | Possible |
| GPRS | 3GPP | GERAN | GSM 850 , 1900 MHz |
25 Km/ 10 Km |
171 Kbps 2W/1W |
GEA2/ GEA3 /GEA4 |
| EDGE | 3GPP | GERAN | GSM 850/ 1900 |
26 Km/ 10 Km |
384 Kbps, 3W/1W |
A5/4, A5/3 |
| HSDPA/ HSUPA |
3GPP | UTRAN | 850/ 1700/ 1900 MHz |
27 Km/ 10 Km |
0.73-56 Mbps, 4W/1W |
USIM |
| LTE | 3GPP | GERAN/ UTRAN |
700-2600 MHz | 28 Km/ 10Km |
0.1-1Gbps , 5W/1W |
SNOW 3G Stream Cipher |
| ANT+ | ANT+ Alliance |
WSN | 2.4 GHz |
100 m | 1Mbps, 1mW |
AES-128 |
| Cognitive Radio | IEEE 802.22 WG | WRAN | 54-862 MHz |
100 Km | 24 Mbps, 1 W |
AES- GCM |
| Weightless -N/W |
Weightless SIG | LPWAN | 700/ 900 MHz |
5 Km | 0.001-10 Mbps, 40mW/4W |
128bit |
As there are wireless devices designed and developed based on different wireless standards as outlined above, the biggest challenge is interoperability between these devices in the IoT network. The other challenge is interference among these devices due to frequency of operation either in the same band or nearby bands. The radiated power is also the critical factor to be considered for interference related issues.
reference : http://www.rfwireless-world.com/Terminology/IoT-wireless-technologies.html
